The majority of research on the effect of temperature on exercise performance in the past has taken place in the lab—primarily with cyclists pedaling to exhaustion. Recently, however, there have been a number of studies [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ] on the influence air temperature has on marathon finishing times—from which we can gain an understanding of ideal running conditions and the effect warmer temperatures have on running performance.
Below and above this range, marathon finish times tend to become slower, on average. In both of these studies, temperature was the most influential weather factor that affected finishing times. Although most research has focused on elite runners, some recent studies have looked at the effects of air temperature on slower runners. How much the temperature increase affects you depends on how fast you are and whether you are male or female.
In addition to traditional marathons, there are often half marathons that are done to raise money for a non-profit organization such as a cancer benefit.
The Boston Marathon , the holy grail race for serious distance runners, has become even harder to get into. Race organizers announced in September of that the qualifying standards for the race going forward would be 5 minutes faster for every age group.
Courses that have too much of an elevation drop can produce significantly faster times. Begun in , the event was inspired by the success of the first marathon competition in the Summer Olympics. On average we estimate, beginner males, finish half marathons between to For both these reasons, the Boston Marathon course is ineligible for world or other national records.
In , Geoffrey Mutai ran the fastest-ever marathon in Boston in Dennis Kimetto has since run faster clocking a in Berlin in At the time, some, including Boston officials, believed it should be considered a legitimate record and lobbied to have it listed as a world record.
Their efforts ultimately failed. This nevertheless helped to support the notion that Boston could be a fast course if conditions were right. The study looked at the top 10 male and female finish times from to from the original five World Marathon Majors Boston, London, Berlin, Chicago and New York and compared the results. Findings showed that London had the fastest times, followed closely by Berlin. Recent research offers more hope for runners like Rushforth who want to stay fast later in life.
The study , in The Review of Economics and Statistics, compares world record times of runners ages 40 to 95 to estimate how much people slow down with age in races like the marathon and 5K.
The data show older runners only decline gradually after age 40, before finally slowing down more dramatically in their late 70s. The study models also predict that people slow down at about the same rate — about 1 percent added to their times each year — whether or not they're elite runners. One of the study's authors, Ray Fair, is himself an avid runner in his mids.
He took an interest in studying decline rates of runners to see if he was slowing down at the right pace with age. He also has a website where runners can input their best times for given races to see what their times should be as they get older. His co-author on the study, Ed Kaplan, a professor of engineering and public health at Yale University, says if you imagine both elite and average athletes running in a race together, you can picture how this data relates to everyone regardless of skill.
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