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Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Sign up using Facebook. Sign up using Email and Password. Post as a guest Name. Email Required, but never shown. Featured on Meta. Now live: A fully responsive profile. Through aiding the American colonists during the French and Indian War, the British government amassed an enormous debt thanks to the cost of raising, supplying, and funding an army on foreign soil. Expecting the Americans to shoulder some of the financial burden, Parliament levied several acts of taxation as a means to soften the blow.
The Sugar Act , the Stamp Act , and the Townshend Acts were merely some of the unpopular pieces of legislation placed upon the American colonies for the purpose of raising funds to pay the French and Indian War debt.
Years of unrest and discord followed. The Americans maintained that Parliament could make laws, but insisted only their elected representatives could tax them. The English felt that Parliament had supreme authority over the colonies.
The Americans formed Committees of Correspondence, and later, a Continental Congress, to find solutions, but could not find common ground with the English. When fighting broke out in , American revolutionaries determined that separation was the only means of obtaining liberty and justice. The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4th, , formally dissolving the colonies' relationship with their mother country, and plunging the continent into war.
The colonists living in the British North American colonies who rebelled against the authority of the crown were known as patriots, revolutionaries, continentals, colonials, rebels, Yankees, or Whigs. Those who lived in the colonies and remained faithful to the Crown were known as loyalists, Royalists, King's Men, or Tories.
British authority and soldiers likewise acquired several monikers throughout the course of the war and were synonymously referred to as the British, the Crown, Great Britain, lobster backs, and regulars.
What were the populations of the two sides? Great Britain had 8 million residents in , and the 13 colonies about 2. The four largest American colonies were Virginia , , Pennsylvania , , Massachusetts , , and Maryland , The majority of the war was fought in New York, New Jersey, and South Carolina, with more than separate skirmishes and battles occurring in each of these three colonies.
However, engagements were fought in every one of the original thirteen colonies, with additional military actions taking place in the modern-day states of Tennessee, Arkansas, Indiana, Illinois, Kentucky, Alabama, and Florida. How much territory did the British control during the war? Though difficult to quantify with numbers and acreage, there can be little doubt that the British forces occupied geographically and geopolitically important areas throughout the course of the war.
They held several important Canadian forts and cities in Nova Scotia, Ontario, New Brunswick; remaining in control of these areas even following the American Revolution. The British also controlled many key cities within the American colonies, with New York serving as its major base of operations for the duration of the war. They also temporarily possessed the cities of Boston and Philadelphia and held Savannah and Charleston until So, in essence, the British were only able to maintain power in areas with a strong military presence, i.
What are the major battles of the Revolutionary War? October 10, — The Battle of Yorktown , Va. In terms of numbers: 40, soldiers fought in the Battle of Long Island , making it the largest battle. In terms of casualties, at Long Island the Americans lost 2, men, the British and Hessians about Brandywine produced 1, American and British and Hessian casualties.
Some engagements involved large numbers of prisoners, such as Yorktown, in which the British surrendered over 8, soldiers. In Charleston, S. Other battles had the highest percentages of men lost. At Cowpens, S. In both of these battles most of the losses were prisoners. The crushing defeat of the Continental Army at the battle of Camden, S. Approximately 1, continental troops were killed and wounded, while the British suffered casualties. Yes, there were actually many sieges of cities, towns, and forts throughout the course of the war.
The list below represents a sampling of the major sieges. American aggressor: Vincennes In. British aggressor: Savannah Ga. There was, perhaps surprisingly, a substantial amount of fighting which occurred far from the North American soil. American warships and privateers also raided British merchants and warships throughout the Atlantic, and even fought naval battles around the British Isles. Furthermore, thanks to the military alliance formed with France in , and later joined by both Spain and the United Netherlands, land and sea battles were fought against Great Britain in the Caribbean, Europe, and as far away as India.
The opening of this global conflict was vital to the colonists in North America. The British were forced to divert important resources and manpower away from the colonies, giving the Continental Army a fighting chance against them in their war for independence.
Over the course of the war, about , men served in the Continental Army, though never more than 48, at any one time, and never more than 13, at any one place. The sum of the Colonial militias numbered upwards of , men. France also dispatched a substantial force to North America beginning in , with more than 12, soldiers and a substantial fleet joining the Colonial Americans by wars end.
At its peak, the British Army had upwards of 22, men at its disposal in North America to combat the rebellion. An additional 25, Loyalists, faithful to Great Britain, participated in the conflict as well. Nearly 30, German auxiliaries, or Hessians, were hired out by German princes and served alongside the British for the duration of the war.
Throughout the course of the war, an estimated 6, Americans were killed in action, 6, wounded, and upwards of 20, were taken prisoner. Historians believe that at least an additional 17, deaths were the result of disease, including about 8,—12, who died while prisoners of war.
Unreliable imperial data places the total casualties for British regulars fighting in the Revolutionary War around 24, men. This total number includes battlefield deaths and injuries, deaths from disease, men taken prisoner, and those who remained missing. Approximately 1, Hessian soldiers were killed, 6, died of disease, and another 5, deserted and settled in America afterward. What other nationalities were involved? The American Revolution was a truly global conflict, with battles being fought in North America, the Caribbean, and Europe.
The British were aided by both loyal Native American tribes, and Hessian troops from various German principalities. The American patriots were aided by an even larger coalition of European Powers which included France, Spain, the United Netherlands, and officers of various European nations. Because it was cheaper to hire auxiliary soldiers than muster their own, the British government hired professional German troops called Hessians. About The Root Store. The Root Institute.
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